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Early Reading: The reading habits in the hands of parents

Today more than ever, reading is at risk of being seen by children as an imposition more than parents and teachers. The kid can grow without the habit of devoting part of his time to go into the letters and dealing with fascinating adventures in the South Seas. It is in the first decade of life when people can acquire this habit in those ten years have the opportunity to digest for all the pleasure of reading as a necessity consensual and desired. Educators say that you learn to enjoy reading and, therefore, we must be aware that this is something you can teach. This is a basic family unit. Teaching reading is the subject that parents transmit to their children, always taking into account their character, motivation, desires and interests. Ultimately, the challenge is to stimulate interest in books.

What I can make my children read?

* Do not force reading. As an activity, reading requires perseverance to become a habit. Should never be forced to read, but you can (and should) become a daily occurrence. The key is the end part of leisure, like watching television or playing. In very early ages are the father and mother who directly perform this function. Over time, the space devoted to reading will be enlarged, and the children themselves will decide how, when and where to read.
* Accessibility of books. Although they are not toys, books must be accessible, both our own and those of others. It is necessary to remove the status of important object that only decorates bookstores. Moreover, to enhance their own libraries from birth, because a book, after being read, crosses the threshold of the merely material.
* Visit libraries. Fairs or exhibitions can become a hobby that brings literature to children. The idea of being surrounded by so many possibilities familiarizes the child with this type of trade and added appeal. Furthermore, if given a sum of money in order to choose the title you like, begin to develop criteria for purchase and learn to distinguish what work is worth purchasing.
* Daily Habit. Read a story every night to become smaller over time in a daily reading habit.
* Resolving doubts. Should be sought together in the dictionary terms that do not understand. This will instill good practice to extend vocabulary.
* Do not ban books. We must pay close attention to the critical age of adolescence, because big children's readers are lost at that stage. In that sense, freedom of choice will be decisive. Titles should never be prohibited. Instead, it is important to explain why they are not going to understand what is read, and what is the reason for not worth wasting time. In this way, to awaken their critical spirit.
* Being a member of a library. An easy and affordable custom is to accompany very young children to libraries. In our country there are 4519 public libraries surveyed, for better or worse equipped with bibliography, but whose access is easy. Allow access to books without spending large amounts of money. They also serve to teach how to choose the titles, and introduce young readers to the value of responsibility, since it is they who must repay the amount borrowed.
* Adapt to taste. Everything is likely to become the excuse to approach the reading: a current issue, events of people or events that draw attention to them or film them are excited to have excellent chances to arouse the passion for books.
* Shared reading. As children grow, they can offer books they are reading parents. For example, always worth rereading in Pio Baroja and Zalacain adventures, and then having fun commenting on his adventures. The reading will be an attractive topic of conversation between parents and children.

At every age, his book

The supply of children's literature is very varied. Keeping up is difficult and sometimes the children themselves who demand specific titles or collections become trendy. And is that in Spain, according to the latest data from the Federation of Publishers, is put up for sale 18 145 literature titles in 1999, of which more than half of children or juveniles accounted titles.
* In the first two years of life, the books will be one more element to find, bite and play. There are copies in the market of cloth and plastic, sound and sensory.
* Between 2 and 4 years, the book becomes differentiated as such. Succeed those who teach in a different way they are learning elements: the difference between heat and cold, up and down, inside and outside ... Also recommended that explain realities grand as the sun, moon and planets.
* From 4 to 7 years, the child begins to develop their individual identities. At this stage it is essential to the imagination, but stories told within the logic which will be added a happy ending. In addition, they begin to familiarize themselves with the values through works such as Verdi Janel Cano, in which forest animals have a history of solidarity against racism. Of course, triumph the adventures of the character created by Violeta Denou: Teo. The author Welsh universally enshrined in the literature of tales, Roald Dahl, has also written works suitable for these years as their children's tales in verse evil, a very original version of Cinderella, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Little Red Riding Hood, etc.
* Between 7 and 9. The age of the whys begins at age seven and lasts at least until nine. At this stage everything is white or black: the good are very good, the bad really bad, and everything says a great deal of imagination. Gloria Fuertes wrote for them the Dictionary bizarre. Bernardo Atxaga also wrote Shola and boars to be read for the first time in this time of life. Michael Ende (The soup and the pot and Lena's Secret), Eduardo Galeano (burning stone), Maite Carranza (Forbidden rain on Saturday), are authors who sign their works dedicated to this age. And we can not forget Little Nicholas René Goscinny and Sempe, or the adventures of Celia Elena Fortun.
* Between 9 and 12 years is the time for adventure, science fiction, love without melodrama. So begin to be introduced in the novels of mystery and adventure with humorous characters, popular and brave with age are shared. It is also a good time to deal with ghosts and witches, as it is a formula for overcoming fears. It would open the stage with Treasure Island by Robert L. Stevenson, or success for a decade When Hitler Stole Pink Rabbit by Judith Kerr. Of course, come into play the phenomenon created by Elvira Lindo: Manolito Gafotas in hard compentencia with Harry Potter, the writer also Joanne K. Rowling. Jules Verne (Around the World in 80 Days, 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea), Tolkien (The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings), Mark Twain (The Adventures of Tom Sawyer), Quino (Mafalda), Richmall Crompton (William Travieso) and L. M. Alcott (Little Women) are some examples of the vast literature written for this age group. But above all, is the time to see the boys and girls immersed in the pages of Enid Blyton and timeless Five, Seven Secrets or The twins, like the entire saga of Nightmares RL Stine, The Mystery Club Fiona Kelly and Alfred Hitchcock and the Three investigators R. Arthur.
* Finally, we reach the most difficult and decisive: the covering up the majority. Should maintain the attractiveness of reading, enhance delivery depending on the nature of each person, but parents can do little from now on the choice of books. It leaves the actual literature and pre-adolescent child, and face to literature in all genres. Anyway, there will be an inclination by the Adolescent to the kind of stories, and perhaps ignorance of where to find what they want, so you are always welcome advice.

Classic and established authors

Established writers have always had an inclination to add to his work books for children and youth. Roald Dahl and Bernardo Atxaga are two examples of writers works primarily for children and youth, though his books are read at all ages. But as serious authors like Graham Greene (All going smoothly), Ana Maria Matute (All my stories), Rosa Montero (The barbarities of Barbara), Juan Ramón Jiménez, Federico García Lorca and Rafael Alberti (My first book of poems) Lewis Carroll (Alice in Wonderland), Kipling (The Jungle Book), Carmen Martin Gaite (Red Riding Hood in Manhattan), Manuel Rivas (Bala lost), Tolstoy (Stories for Children), Pedro Antonio de Alarcón ( National Comics), Charles Dickens (The recipes of Dr. Mari Gold), Emilia Pardo Bazán (stories) or Becquer (The Legends) have completed their collections with works aimed at children.

Not surprisingly, masterpieces of World Literature correspond to the child and adolescent gender. Is an example of Treasure Island (Stevenson), Tom Sawyer (Mark Twain), The Neverending Story (Michael Ende), The Lord of the Rings (Tolkien), Don Camilo (Guareschi), The Little Prince (Antoine de Saint-Exupéry ), Goodbye lamb (Leopoldo Alas Clarín), The Adventures of Zalacain the Adventurer (Pio Baroja), heart (E. de Amicis) Maya the Bee (Bonsels), Peter Pan (Barrie), Emil and the Detectives (Kaestner) or The Call of the Wild (Jack London). Among them make an alphabet soup of life lessons.

How a best-seller is made?

A good advertising campaign, and know the opportunity to connect with the reader are the essential ingredients for turning a best-selling novel. It is said that a best-seller "is like a virus that spreads to spread an epidemic. This is what happened to Paulo Coelho, Agatha Christie, Stephen King ... They have helped to promote reading or buying books from a public often little reader. And the only thing that unites them, besides huge marketing operations in most cases, is the ability to connect with the interests of the widest sections of the population. The reality is that of the infinite window of titles, best sellers are the best sellers and most requested. The reason? You can be the result of the prestige of the author, with marketing that has sold the work, or mouth-mouth caused by the success of its previous titles. But is there a magic recipe for a book to become bestsellers around the world overnight? Advertising, opportunity and connection to the reader are the influencing factors, although not always critical for a particular work becomes a bestseller.

A good dose of humor combined with a few grams of mystery and a few drops of romance. There is no single recipe for making a play to become a blockbuster, but a sum of many different factors, including the propaganda machine has most of the time, lots to see. But not always. Many times, marketing operations and sometimes fail novels arise, against all odds and with almost no support, placing them in the windows of bookstores. This is what happened in the case of the English writer JK Rowling with her first "Harry Potter" or the then-unknown Dan Brown when he issued his worldwide hit "The Da Vinci Code." Cultured criticism tends to reject this literature by considering it as easy and intended for mass consumption. Young people aged 14 and 24 are, with 72.1%, the most read. Following them are between 25 and 34 years (66.1%). And the percentage decreases as age increases over time and reached 31% of readers among people over 65 years. The study reveals that one in two people bought at least one book during 2006. Another fact is that 23 million people completed at least one whole copy.

Since the emergence of the gender of the seller in the decade of the 20s of last century, many wonder if the "best-sellers" born or made. Some argue that before now were born in the middle of globalization, are made. Others believe that today there are also works that reach the "top ten" for its literary and artistic qualities. It is critical for the educated, often refuse to consider this literary genre that promote easy and literature for mass consumption in which the most important thing is the name of the author, the prestige of the editorial, and book release the time which makes this release. According to the Financial Plan for the Promotion of Reading between 2004 and 2007, published recently, the reading activity in Spain has increased in the last five years from 54% to 55.5%. But it has made to the same extent in all groups of society. The report notes that the percentage of women who read is eight points higher than that of men, and found the profile of the average Spanish reader is a young woman in college who lives in a big city and read novels.

How do you make a bestseller?

A good advertising campaign, and know the opportunity to connect with the reader are the essential ingredients for turning a best-selling novel. Unless, timely and classic in form. Throw a book at the right time is one of the factors that may be crucial to become a success. In the Spanish book market, there are three essential moments in which, accompanied by a huge propaganda machine, are often promoted the birth of the "best-sellers: The Day of the Book (April 23), the Madrid Book Fair ( between May and June) and Christmas, preceded by the delivery of the prestigious Premio Planeta. That's when the big publishers deploy all their artillery and advertise their most important deals in bookstores, newspapers and literary supplements. Releasing a book on Christmas, Day of the Book or the Book Fair of Madrid is a guarantee of making it a best-seller "

Another factor are the lists of bestsellers. These lists not only function as an indicator of sales for publishers, but also are an advertising tool that allows readers to quickly find commercial novels which titles they can be interesting. Although it must be borne in mind that the mechanisms of development of lists in Spain are based on data from booksellers and publishers, numbers hardly testable. "Culture or commodity? The growing culture of "best-seller" has become the presentation of each new work in a spectacle. Currently, the most important thing is to publicize the book in question, and the tone of the criticism is unimportant, since the essential thing is to talk about the work, because the secret to becoming a book a best-seller "is the number of sales and distribution can achieve on a global level, which does not necessarily mean that the work is an excellent literary quality. But not always brings the opposite. In fact, works of great artistic value as "The Name of the Rose" by Umberto Eco, "Memoirs of Hadrian" by Marguerite Yourcenar, have acquired the status of selling.

Although there is no magic formula to convert a novel into a bestseller, Albert Zuckerman, president of the Writers House literary agency argues in his book "How to write a best-seller", that there are sociological concepts and common literary these books:
* The stories unfold in exotic locations, so that the reader learns new customs and traditions.
* They have a very current argument.
* Describe in detail the places where the action takes place.
* The main characters are exceptional but not heroes, they are more human glimpse of their weaknesses.

As the writer, according to Zuckerman, he should know very well for those who write and master as much information as possible about the taste of that future reader, who usually understand the literature as a mere source of entertainment and, therefore, the writer of this type of work often goes to pieces with vibrant action and quiet moments of peace, alternating with a dose of intrigue. These components must be added an added value: the end is usually always happy.

Encouraging reading at home

The family plays a key role in promoting the reading habit of children. Why do some children read a lot and others so little? The answer to this question is not always within the four walls of the classroom. But within them you learn the technique, the habit, which is the important thing is acquired at home. Parents, with their attitude and motivation, can ensure that children learn to love reading and include it in their favorite leisure activities. Since last year 2007 Barometer reading habits and purchase of books, published quarterly by the Federation of Publishers' Guilds of Spain, include minors between 10 and 13 in the population studied, a significant fact stands out among all others: this age group is the reader of Spain. The data are striking: while the population over 14 years, only 53.9% can be considered as a reader, whether regularly or occasionally, in children aged 10-13 years this percentage rises to 81.9% Of these, 65.5% were frequent readers, that is, they read books daily or weekly.

Nearly 60% of children between 10 and 13 years they read, they do because they like. You might think that these figures are defined by generally imposed compulsory reading in schools to children of this age, however, as reflected in the Barometer, nearly 60% of these children to read because they like states, 30, 4% because they recommended it, and only 10.6% read by obligation. Also, the profile of these children that offers readers the Barometer provides one of the main tracks to guess the factors favoring this high reading level: 74.5% said that their parents read frequently, 84.3% said that their parents read them small and in their homes is an average of about 33 children's books. The conclusion is clear, families, like the school and teachers have a crucial role in promoting reading habits among children.

How to encourage reading in children?

"If you read, they read, and read the famous campaign launched by the Ministry of Culture, framed within the Development Plan for Reading, with the aim of influencing on the crucial role of families in raising rates reading of children and youth. Indeed, by mimicry children tend to copy the activities of parents and is much more likely that a child raised in a home where reading is an everyday activity more readily acquire the habit of reading that another servant in a household where no read too often. Thus, as Gretel Garcia and Eduardo Torrijos in his book 'games to encourage children's reading', "the child who sees his parents read books or look after their interest in reading about your favorite topics will be tempted to look, touch and read a book. " Not all parents are avid readers and this one does not mean they have lost the battle. But, of course, not all parents are avid readers and this one does not mean they have lost the battle, much less: provided that there is interest and willingness to encourage their children to read and understand the importance of this activity will have on their future can achieve many of their daily activities including reading children in their favorite activities. Tips to invite them to read.

Start from small: no need to wait until the child learns to read to foster in him a love of reading, the previous period to six years, middle age at which children begin to read, it is essential for enhancing habits later. Read with them is the main activity that parents should do in this age group, create a special reading time a day, in a quiet place, help the child associate the act of reading a pleasurable act, in which his father or mother is completely dedicated to him also the child, thanks to these readings will begin to associate sounds with words, expand your vocabulary, ultimately, acquire some prerequisite skills that will make the subsequent process of learning to read easier. Giving books to help identify little ones as valuable and important. Gift books: a book to give a child the same way that gives any other game or toy, give even more special gift, for example by Give the books to their friends on their birthdays, will help small identify the books as valuable and important, furthermore, it is often led to a bookstore, so choose which you like best, to see how it can renew the titles and look forward to the time of receipt.

Teach the value of reading: besides being a pleasant activity and leisure, children should know that reading is also a source of knowledge, one of the best times to prove it is looking in the books the answers to many of the multiple doubts and questions posed to her parents daily, read the meaning of a word in a dictionary or show a photograph in a book that does not know the child will understand the usefulness of the books. On the other hand, when your child has a significant interest in a particular subject, parents can also search the library or buy a book related to this subject, so that the small know that thanks to the books can expand their knowledge about what of interest.

It is important to give a site for placing orders and can access them easily

Create your own library: in addition to the child starts his own collection of books from small, is important to give a site for placing orders and can access them easily, so when you feel the desire to read can do it and choose the book want without difficulty. It may be helpful to classify them teach topics, authors, libraries, etc.., Thus also encouraging the habit of order in it, an original idea can be cataloged with gomets of colors, marking for example those already have read, or preferred, so you can always find them easily. Do not force it to read: Daniel Pennac as stated in his essay "As a novel ', which addresses the problem of reading failure in adolescents," the verb read can not tolerate the imperative ", ie the force reading does not lead to any positive result as anything imposed by adults. The important thing is not to get the child to read, the achievement that I want to read and for that we must give you the freedom to choose it or not, the role of parents in this regard should be to promote interest in reading with steps and activities such as those mentioned above.

Only in this way will ensure that tomorrow when the reading of a work is near the end, the child instead of being happy to finish the book laments that the fun is over. Reading the daily acts. The word reading does not have to be necessarily associated with one book. If we stop to think, reading is an everyday act that made hundreds of times a day, even without realizing it, we read the shop signs, labels on the products in the supermarket, a mail, a letter from the bank or a simple plate in the street, why not take advantage of these small acts of reading in order to accustom children to it?, so they can reach understanding of the most practical way possible the utility of reading in everyday life and its importance during the day.